PT/INR
PT: 11-13.5 sec | INR: 0.8-1.1
Prothrombin Time measures extrinsic pathway clotting. INR standardizes PT for warfarin monitoring. Target INR 2-3 for most conditions, 2.5-3.5 for mechanical heart valves.
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aPTT
Normal: 25-35 seconds
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time measures intrinsic and common pathway. Monitors heparin therapy (target 1.5-2.5× control). Prolonged in hemophilia A/B and lupus anticoagulant.
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Normal: 200-400 mg/dL
Essential clotting protein converted to fibrin clot. Low in DIC, liver disease, massive hemorrhage. Elevated as acute phase reactant in inflammation, pregnancy, malignancy.
Learn MoreD-dimer
Normal: <500 ng/mL (FEU)
Fibrin degradation product indicating active clot breakdown. Highly sensitive for VTE (DVT/PE) - negative D-dimer effectively rules out thrombosis. Elevated in many conditions (low specificity).
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- For Educational Purposes Only: This content is intended for educational reference and should not be used for clinical decision-making.
- Not a Substitute for Professional Judgment: Always consult your local protocols, institutional guidelines, and supervising physicians.
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The clinical content and references are curated and reviewed by myself; however, AI was used to assist in organizing, paraphrasing, and formatting the information presented.